Posted by Gọn (136..12.9) on March 01, 2024 at 13:35:06:
Nhân có bác KT khen xứ Nhật là 1 nước đáng nên thăm viếng, khen chùa cổ kính khên thành phồ phồn hoa!
Tôi cũng đi thăm xứ Phù Tang này rồi, đời sống nơi đó vội vã chứ không thư thả như chúng ta nghĩ!
Tôi có thân nhân cư ngụ ở Nhật, họ cũng rất tự hào về nước Nhật mà họ đang định cư!
Người VN rất dễ hoà đồng và tha thứ
Xưa Nhật đô hộ VN, họ rất hà khắc và xem mạng dân VN như cỏ rác vậy!
The Vietnamese famine of 1945 (Vietnamese: Nạn đói Ất Dậu – famine of the Ất Dậu Year or Nạn đói năm 45 – the 1945 famine) was a famine that occurred in northern Vietnam in French Indochina during World War II from October 1944 to late 1945, which at the time was under Japanese occupation from 1940 with Vichy France as an ally of Nazi Germany in Western Europe. Between 400,000 and 2 million people are estimated to have starved to death during this time.[1][2][3]
According to a 2018 study, typhoons which struck coastal areas resulted in a shortfall of available food and were the proximate cause of famine. The Japanese in occupation of Vietnam, the American government directing attacks on the transport system, or the country's French colonial administration could have acted to limit, or even reverse, the famine. However, under the pressure of war, no government or institution opted for an effective famine alleviation strategy.[4]
Causes
Caricatures of the policies of France, the Japanese Empire, and insect plague, the cause of the famine
Vietnamese villagers attacking a rice warehouse built by Japanese forces during the Japanese occupation, 1945[2][5]
A cause of the famine was the effects of World War II on French Indochina. The involvement of France and Japan in Vietnam caused detrimental effects to the economic activities of the Vietnamese. In 1944, after US bombing had cut off supplies of coal from the north to Saigon, the French and Japanese used rice and maize as fuel for power stations. According to the diplomat Bui Minh Dung, "the Japanese occupation of Vietnam was the direct cause, in the final analysis, of several other factors, in turn affecting the famine, but their military efforts together with their economic policy for the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere per se seem to have systematically played a role considerably greater than any other factors in the Vietnamese starvation."[2]
The mismanagement of the French administration in Vietnam was another cause. The French reformed the economy to serve the administration and to meet the needs of war, including the Japanese occupation. They imposed a compulsory system of government rice purchases with a price ceiling of 1.40 piastres for every 10 kilograms, which they continued paying even as the market rates soared from 2.50 to 3 piastres in 1943 to 6 to 7 in June 1944. It ballooned tenfold to 60-70 piastres the following year. This meant farmers could no longer afford to repurchase rice needed for new harvests or to feed themselves. [6]